In science 10 unit 1 module 1 activity 3 , the title of the activity is " Head-On Collision" Part A: Converging Continental plate and Oceanic plate. This activity shows the different geological features formed in convergent boundary particularly in converging continental plate and oceanic plate. The activity presented a picture in which plate A subducted beneath plate B. Plate A is an oceanic plate which is denser than plate B which is a continental plate.
Q19. what is formed on top of plate B?
Answer:
Magma rise up on top of plate B to form volcanoes. As the leading edge of plate A subducted beneath plate B, it move towards the mantle and melts when it reaches the mantle due to high temperature in the mantle. The melted plates turns into magma which rise up on the surface of plate B to form volcanoes.
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Here are the three types of Volcano from biggest to smallest
- Shield Volcano
- Composite Volcano
- Cinder Cone Volcano
Shield Volcano may not be the tallest Volcano but it occupies the biggest volume. The largest Volcano on our planet is known as Mauna Loa which is a shield volcano. The largest volcano on our solar system is known as Olympus Mons a shield volcano from planet Mars. Composite volcano or a stratovolcano is the tallest volcano which produce explosive eruption. Cinder cone volcano is the smallest volcano among the three. Most volcanoes are formed along convergent boundary.
Three types of Convergent boundary
- Continental to oceanic convergence
- Oceanic to oceanic convergence
- Continental to continental convergence
Continental to oceanic convergence
Oceanic plate will subduct beneath the continental plate since it is more denser. Several geological features will formed because of this convergence. Philippine Islands are also a product of continental to oceanic plate convergence, wherein Eurasian plate collides with Philippine sea plate which produces volcanic islands creating Philippines Island.
Oceanic to oceanic convergence
The geological features formed in this convergence is similar to continental oceanic convergence.
Continental to continental convergence
This type of collision will not produce a trench and volcanoes, but it produces mountain ranges and earthquake. Earthquake will occur in all type of converging plates.
Here are the lists of geological feature when continental plate and oceanic plate converged
- Earthquake
- Trench
- Volcanoes or volcanic island
- Tsunami
Earthquake
Grinding of the two oceanic plate as they collide produces earthquake. The type of earthquake produce is tectonic earthquake since its origin is the movement of the plate. When earthquake is produce because of Volcanic activity, we called them as Volcanic earthquake.
Trench
During the subduction of oceanic plate B beneath oceanic plate A, it produces and depression on the ocean floor which is deeper than the other. We also called them as submarine valleys.
Volcanoes
As the leading edge of plate B, it will dive into the mantle and melts. When the leading edge of the plates melts, it turns into a magma which rise up on the surface creating volcanoes.
Tsunami
If the edge of Plate A suddenly flicks upward, a large amount of water may be displaced on the surface of the ocean known as tsunami.
Convergent boundary is also known as destructive boundary. As the subducted plate reaches the mantle, it will be destroyed. This type of boundary also explains most of the rock cycle. The plate will move in a certain direction because of the convection current of the mantle. Convection current in the mantle are produce because of heat in the inner core caused by radioactive decay of uranium which releases tremendous amount of heat.
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