angeloo69
Answered

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What is the main function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? ​

Sagot :

goyana7016

Answer:

The main function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell. Specifically:

- Mitochondria are often called the "powerhouses" of the cell because they are responsible for generating most of the cell's supply of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

- During this process, mitochondria break down nutrients like glucose and convert the chemical energy stored in these molecules into ATP, which can then be used to power various cellular processes.

- Mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes, and many of the proteins required for ATP production are encoded by the mitochondrial genome.

- The number of mitochondria per cell can vary widely, with cells that have high energy demands like muscle cells and liver cells containing hundreds or even thousands of mitochondria.

- In addition to ATP production, mitochondria also play roles in calcium signaling, heat generation, and regulating cell growth and death.

So in summary, the primary and most essential function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is to generate the ATP that powers the cell's activities through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

martusjenylyn

Answer:

The main function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration.

Specifically:

  • Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" of eukaryotic cells, responsible for generating the majority of the cell's supply of ATP, which is the primary energy currency of the cell.
  • Inside the mitochondria, a series of biochemical reactions collectively known as the citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle) and the electron transport chain convert the chemical energy stored in glucose and other nutrients into ATP. This process is called oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes, which allows them to partially synthesize some of their own proteins involved in energy production. This supports the theory that mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic organisms engulfed by early eukaryotic cells.
  • Cells with high energy demands, such as muscle cells and neurons, have a higher number of mitochondria to meet their greater energy needs.

So in summary, the primary role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is to act as the "powerhouses" that generate the majority of the cell's ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which is essential for powering a wide range of cellular functions.

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