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What volume of 12.0 M HCl is required to make 75.0 mL of 3.50 M HCl?
a) 21.9 mL
b) 0.560 mL
c) 257 mL
d) 75.0 mL

Sagot :

barramedasm

Answer:

From the choices, the answer is letter A, 21.9 mL.

Explanation:

This problem is an application of the dilution equation in chemistry.

Dilution

Dilution is defined as the process of lowering the concentration of a solute in solution. This process can simply be done by mixing the solution with more solvent.

Solute is the substance in a solution that is being dissolved, while the solvent in a solution is the substance that is used to dissolve the solute.

The dilution equation of solutions is as follows:

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

where

  • C₁ is the initial concentration of the solution
  • V₁ is the initial volume of the solution
  • C₂ is the final concentration of the solution
  • V₂ is the final volume of the solution

Molarity

The usual unit of the concentration of a solution is molarity. It is defined to be the moles of solute per liters of solution. In mathematical variable form, molarity is M = [tex]\frac{n}{L}[/tex].

Solving for the problem using the dilution equation, we have,

  • C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
  • C₁ = 12.0 M
  • C₂ = 3.50 M
  • V₂ = 75.0 mL

  • V₁ = [tex]\frac{(C2)*(V2)}{C1}[/tex]
  • V₁ = [tex]\frac{(3.50 M)*(75.0 mL)}{12.0 M}[/tex]
  • V₁ = 21.875 mL
  • V₁ = 21.9 mL (following scientific notation, round to the nearest tenths)

Therefore, the volume of the 12.0 M HCl required is 21.9 mL.

Read more about molarity and dilution here:

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