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Indigenous peoples, also referred to as First people, Aboriginal people, Native people, or autochthonous people (from the Ancient Greek αὐτός autós meaning self/own, and χθών chthon meaning Earth), are ethnic groups who are native to a particular place. Indigenous first emerged as a way for Europeans to differentiate enslaved black people from the indigenous peoples of the Americas, being first used in its modern context in 1646 by Sir Thomas Browne, who stated "Although... there be... swarms of Negroes serving the Spaniard, yet they were all transported from Africa... and are not indigenous or proper natives of America.
Peoples are usually described as Indigenous when they maintain traditions or other aspects of an early culture that is associated with a given region. Not all Indigenous peoples share this characteristic, as many have adopted substantial elements of a colonizing culture, such as dress, religion, or language. Indigenous peoples may be settled in a given region (sedentary) or exhibit a nomadic lifestyle across a large territory, but they are generally historically associated with a specific territory on which they depend. Indigenous societies are found in every inhabited climate zone and continent of the world except Antarctica. It is estimated that there are approximately five thousand Indigenous nations throughout the world.
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