SOLUTION:
Step 1: List the given values.
[tex]\begin{aligned} & M = 1 \: M = \text{1 mol/L} \\ & V_{\text{solution}} = \text{200 mL = 0.2 L} \\ & MM_{\text{solute}} = \text{58.44 g/mol} \end{aligned}[/tex]
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of solute.
[tex]\begin{aligned} n_{\text{solute}} & = (M)(V_{\text{solution}}) \\ & = \text{(1 mol/L)(0.2 L)} \\ & = \text{0.2 mol} \end{aligned}[/tex]
Step 3: Calculate the mass of solute.
[tex]\begin{aligned} mass_{\text{solute}} & = (n_{\text{solute}})(MM_{\text{solute}}) \\ & = \text{(0.2 mol)(58.44 g/mol)} \\ & = \text{11.688 g} \\ & \approx \boxed{\text{12 g}} \end{aligned}[/tex]
Hence, the answer is d. 12 g (rounded to two significant figures).
[tex]\\[/tex]
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