Answer:
The Heart and the Circulatory System
The heart, blood vessels, and arteries are all interconnected making up the circulatory system. Circulatory system, is a network that works together to supply oxygen to the blood, nutrients to the tissues, carries hormones and at the same time removing waste products that are unnecessary to the circulatory system.
The Heart
A complex yet fragile organ in the circulatory system. It is a specialized cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood throughout the body. It is divided into four chambers: 2 atriums and 2 ventricles in each side. Atria is the chamber that receives blood while ventricle is in charge of pumping the blood.
The Blood and Blood Vessels
The heart which acts as the pumping machine inside the body transport the blood through the blood vessels. The aorta which acts as the main artery that branches out to the other arteries carry the blood away from the heart and into the capillaries to the tissues and cells, providing oxygen. As it travels back to the lungs where the oxygen is removed, it is then reoxygenated and returned to the heart through the veins.
Two Types of Circulation
There are two types of circulation:
- Systematic circulation
- Pulmonary circulation
Pulmonary Circulation - circulates blood between the heart and the lungs. It carries deoxygenated blood to the respiratory system to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide, where in return the oxygenated blood flows back to the heart.
Systematic Circulation - circulates blood between the heart and the rest of the body parts. It sends oxygenated blood to the cells and carries the deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
While the two types of circulations are the primary circulations in the body, however, there is a distinct part of circulation in the systematic circulation, which is the Coronary circulation.
Coronary Circulation - circulates blood to, and supplies blood providing drainage from the tissues of the heart. There are two coronary arteries inside the aorta just beyond the semilunar valves. During an increased aortic pressure above the valves called diastole, it forces blood to the coronary arteries and then to the musculature of the heart. The deoxygenated blood then returned to the chambers of the heart through the coronary veins that converges to form the coronary venous sinus, that drains into the right atrium of the heart.
The Circulatory System and the Respiratory System
These two systems work in tandem to sustain our body with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide. Pulmonary circulation aids in the process of the external respiration: The deoxygenated blood that flows to the lungs, absorbs oxygen through the tiny sacs, called alveoli then releases carbon dioxide to be exhaled.
Systematic circulation on the other hand, aids in internal respiration: The oxygenated blood that flows to the capillaries and then to the entire body where the blood diffuses oxygen to the cells and absorbs carbon dioxide.
The Pulmonary Loop and the Systematic Loop
The Pulmonary Loop only transport blood between the heart and the lungs. The deoxygenated blood passes from the right ventricle through the what they called, pulmonary trunk. The pulmonary trunk then splits into the left and right pulmonary arteries. These pulmonary arteries carry the deoxygenated blood to arterioles and capillary beds found inside the lungs. The carbon dioxide is released, while absorbing the oxygen. Then, the now oxygenated blood passes from the capillary beds through the what they call, venules, into the pulmonary veins. It is the pulmonary veins that carries it to the left atrium of the heart. It should always be remembered that only the pulmonary arteries carry the deoxygenated blood, while the pulmonary veins only carries the oxygenated blood.
Meanwhile, the Systematic loop pumps oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart through the aorta. From there, the aorta pumps blood through the systematic arteries, to arterioles, then to the capillary beds that supplies the body tissues. In this loop, the nutrients and oxygen are released while the carbon dioxide and other waste substances are being absorbed. The deoxygenated blood then passes from the capillary beds through the venules, and then to the systematic veins. These systematic veins feed into the inferior and superior largest veins in the body called, venae cavae, where the deoxygenated bloods are carried to the right atrium of the heart.
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