II. Modified TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and if not, underline the word then write the word to make the statement correct.
14. Historical-Biographical. This approach sees a literary work as a reflection of the author's life and times or the life and times of the characters in the work.
15. Moral-Philosophical. This approach takes the position that the larger function of literature is to teach morality and probe philosophical issues, such as ethics, religion, or the nature of humanity.
16. Formalistic Criticism. Using this type of criticism, a reader would see the work as an independent and self-sufficient artistic object. This approach is also sometimes referred to as the “New Criticism," since it came back in vogue in the 1960s-70s, but it was originally an outgrowth of the "Ant for Art's Sake" movement of the late 1800s.
17. Sociological / Marxist Criticism. This approach asks us to use a wide variety of issues related to gender, concerning the author, the work itself, the reader, and the societies of the author and reader, to determine the stance of the work on the feminist continuum.
18. Feminist / Gender Criticism. This viewpoint considers particular aspects of the political content of the text, the author, the historical and socio-cultural context of the work, and the cultural, political, and personal situation of the reader in relationship to the text.
