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Sagot :
Rational Functions
Hello there. And welcome to this video lesson on rational functions. Remember, that our rational functions are those functions that are the division of two polynomials. We can have simple rational functions like 3/x or more complicated ones like (x - 2) / (x^2 - 4x + 4).
In this video lesson, we are going to learn how to solve equations and inequalities that involve these rational functions. Yes, you will see an equation or inequality that has rational functions on one or both sides of the equation or inequality. You will learn the steps you need to take to solve these problems, and then I will give you some pointers on what to keep in mind. You'll come across these types of problems more and more often as you progress in your math, so knowing how to solve these types of equations will serve you well. And hey, you'll be able to help out your friends who need help with these problems.
Solving a Rational Equation
Let's begin by looking at solving an equation with rational functions in it. I'll give you a simple equation for the sake of keeping the steps clear. The steps are the same, no matter how big the rational functions are. What you need to know to get started is your algebra and how to solve various types of polynomials, the most important being how to factor quadratics.
Imagine that you are taking a test, and you're given this problem:
solve rational
You need to solve it for x. How can you go about doing so? You think back to algebra and you remember that when you see an equal sign between two fractions like this, to solve it, you need to cross multiply. So, you multiply the numerator of one side with the denominator of the other side and then vice versa. Now you have this:
solve rational
To continue solving, you now need to bring all your terms to one side. So you subtract the 9 from both sides:
solve rational
The reason you do this is because you have an exponent connected with your variable. If you solved it without moving all your terms over to one side, you might miss some solutions. Now that all your terms are on one side, you can now go ahead and solve like you did in algebra. You see this is a quadratic, so you go ahead and factor to solve:
solve rational
Your answers are 3 and -3. Because we are dealing with rational functions here, we need to plug these solutions back into our original problem just to check that they work. Plugging 3 back into the original problem, we get 3 / 3 = 3 / 3. That turns into 1 = 1, which checks out. Plugging -3 back into the original problem, we get 3 / -3 = -3 / 3. That turns into -1 = -1, which checks out as well. Both check out, so we have two solutions: 3 and -3.
Solving a Rational Inequality
Now let's look at solving an inequality involving rational functions. Imagine that you are still taking the test, and now you see this problem:
solve rational
To solve this problem, you now need to analyze the rational function. To do this, you need to find where the rational function equals 0 and where the rational functions is undefined. The rational function equals 0 when the numerator equals 0, and it is undefined when the denominator equals 0. So, you split your rational function into its numerator and denominator parts and solve each for 0.
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